Observing With Webb

February 2013

My apologies to all those who were expecting a podcast in January.  My wife and I have been excited and very busy getting ready and planning for the new astronomer being born into our family in July. Not much going on this month, although it's a beautiful month for lunar encounters and constellations, since the winter ones are out (they have more bright stars in total and more spread out than their summer counterparts), the nights are longer, and it's been getting warmer!  At least in Pennsylvania - last week it reached almost 60˚ - in FEBRUARY!  That certainly makes for some good winter observing! EVENTS...

Last Quarter Moon - 3^rd (Visible from midnight into the morning)

3^rd - Close Encounter - Saturn & Moon - Get up after 1am and before sunrise on the 3^rd, look East-ish and you'll find Saturn about 4˚ above the Last Quarter Moon.

7^th - 11^th- Planetary and Lunar Close Encounter - Mars & Mercury & Moon - Find a spot with a very clear view of the WSW horizon and bring binoculars and watch from sunset on. On the 7^th, Mercury will be low on the horizon with Mars up and to the left less than 1˚ away.  The next day (8^th) is probably the best, however, with Mercury about ¼˚ up and to the right of Mars.  Each day Mercury will move further away from Mars, but on the 11^th, a very thin crescent Moon joins the party, up and to the right of both of them.

New Moon - 10^th (darkest skies)

First Quarter Moon - 17^th (Visible until midnight)

17^th, 18^th -Close Encounter - Moon & Jupiter - Jupiter will be about 5˚ to the left of the First Quarter Moon on the 17^th and to the right of it on the 18^th.  Just find the Moon, and you'll find Jupiter right there.

Full Moon - 25^th (Visible all night - East around sunset, West around Sunrise)

PLANETS...well, the ones visible with your naked eye Planets you can see around Sunset - Mercury (SW), Mars (SW), Jupiter (SE) Planets you can see throughout the night - Jupiter (SE to W) Planets you can see in the Morning - Venus (SE), Saturn (S)

Mercury - Look to the WSW after sunset.  You may need binoculars, and definitely a star chart or phone app, since Mercury moves quickly around this month.  Closest to the Moon on the 11^th.

Venus - Venus is fading away this month as a morning star and will re-emerge next month as an evening star. The brightest object in the morning SouthEast, very close to the horizon, probably unobservable by the 13^th.  Closest to the Moon on the 9^th.

Mars - In the WSW after sunset, and sets around 6:15pm.  Look for the reddish-hued object only no more than 10˚ above the horizon.  Close to the Moon on the 10^th and 11^th.

JUPITER - VERY high in the sky at sunset (almost straight above) and visible until 2am in the beginning of the month and 12:30am at the end. Close to the Moon on the 17^th and 18^th.  Use binoculars or a telescope to try to see the four Galilean Moons.  If you're looking at Taurus, Jupiter's the very bright one near the V of Taurus.

Saturn - Look ESE after 1am and find the very bright object which is Saturn.  Throughout the morning it will rise to about 30˚ above the horizon toward the South. Close to the Moon on the 3^rd.

CONSTELLATIONS... (see sky map link at the bottom for a Star Map for this month - or ask Mr. Webb)    Look straight up and you'll see...

After Sunset (sunset is around 5:00-5:30pm) - Perseus, Taurus, Auriga - Extra Challenge! Right in the middle of Perseus is an open cluster called Mel 20.  If you take binoculars and look around Perseus, you'll see plenty of stars, but right in the middle where Mel 20 is, there are a lot more than you can see anywhere else in Perseus, hence they call it a cluster of stars.

Between Sunset and Midnight - Auriga (Taurus is right nearby), Gemini

Midnight - Cancer, Gemini, Lynx, and Leo later in the month - Extra Challenge! Find M44 in the Middle of Cancer - an open cluster of stars also known as the Beehive Cluster.  You may be able to see it as a small fuzzy patch with your naked eye if you have very dark skies.  However with a pair of binoculars or a telescope on low power, it will look like a hive of bees in the distance, hence its nickname.

Early Morning - Corona Borealis, Hercules, Boötes (you can also find the Big Dipper's handle, and starting from the inside of the handle, follow the arc that those four stars make past the last star in the handle about 30˚ or three fist-widths to the next very bright star you find which is Arcturus, the base of the constellation Boötes.  Hence astronomers use the phrase "Follow the Arc to Arcturus")

GENERAL CONSTELLATION FINDING TIPS:

Winter constellations: Orion is easy to spot as he is already high in the South when it gets dark.  You can use Orion to find many other winter constellations.

Using Orion: Find Orion by looking for the three stars in a row that make up Orion's belt in the South.  If you draw a line from the left star to the right star and keep going right about 20 degrees (about 2 fists at arm's length) until you reach another very bright star, you will have reached the star Aldebaron in Taurus (the V).  Follow that line a little more (about another fist) and you'll find the Pleiades.

Draw a line from the right star in Orion's belt to the left star, and keep going left about 20 degrees (2 fists again), you'll come to the brightest star in the sky - Sirius - part of Canis Major.

Above these three constellations are Gemini and Auriga.  The brightest stars in each of these constellations form a circle in the sky.  Going clockwise - Aldebaron (Taurus) - Rigel (Orion - bottom right foot) - Sirius (Canis Major) - Procyon (Canis Minor) - Castor & Pollux (Gemini) - Capella (Auriga).  It makes for great stargazing in the winter sky.

Use a sky map from www.skymaps.com to help you out.

December 2012

December's got the strong Geminid meteor shower, some good lunar encounters, and a nice Christmas evening very close encounter between the Moon and Jupiter. EVENTS...

Last Quarter Moon - 6^th (Visible from midnight into the morning)

10^th - Close Encounter - Saturn & Moon - Get up before sunrise, look ESE, and if you have a good view of the horizon (and maybe binoculars would help) Saturn will be about 5˚ to the left of a very thin crescent Moon.

11^th - Close Encounter - Venus & Moon - Get up before sunrise, look ESE, and you'll see bright Venus about 2˚ up and to the left of the very thin crescent Moon.  Mercury might even be visible below and to the left of them.

New Moon - 13^th (darkest skies)

13^th, 14^th - Geminid Meteor Shower - It's a good year for the Geminids, which supposedly produce 120 meteors per hour, though you'll probably see less, depending on your light pollution levels.  Still, this is one of the best of the year and definitely worth getting out for

Some advice for watching:

Find a dark location and lie down in a reclining chair or swimming pool floaty

Look toward Gemini (in the East). That is where the radiant is - where the meteors will appear to be coming from.  Keep a wide eye and try to take in the whole sky, instead of staring at one spot or through binoculars or a telescope.

Dress in multiple layers and bring hot chocolate

Check the weather to see if the skies will be clear (weather.com has a good map here)

Adapt your eyes to the dark by staying away from light sources or using a red light if you need to look at a star chart or not trip over something.

14^th-15^th - Close Encounter - Moon & Mars - On the 14^th, look SW after sunset (around 5pm) and find the very thin waxing crescent Moon low on the horizon.  About 8˚ to the left will be Mars.  The next night the Moon will be about 9˚ above Mars.

First Quarter Moon - 20^th (Visible until midnight)

21^st - Winter Solstice - Shortest day and longest night of the year for those in the Northern Hemisphere.  The world does not end.

25^th - VERY Close Encounter - Moon & Jupiter - Jupiter will be about 1˚ to the left of the Full Moon.  Just find the Moon, and you'll find Jupiter right there.  In fact, if you live in southern Africa or South America, you'll be able to see the Moon occult (block) Jupiter.

Full Moon - 28^th (Visible all night - East around sunset, West around Sunrise)

PLANETS...well, the ones visible with your naked eye Planets you can see around Sunset - Mars (SW), Jupiter (E) Planets you can see throughout the night - Jupiter (E to S to W) Planets you can see in the Morning - Venus (SE), Saturn (SE), Mercury (SE)

Mercury - Look to the SE in the morning before sunrise.  Find Spica, Saturn, Venus, and Mercury all in a line descending in that order.  Close to the Moon on the 11^th.

Venus - Not as high, but still a morning "star" this month. The brightest object in the morning East, will be lowest at 5:30am, rising up to about 20˚ by daybreak.  Closest to the Moon on the 11^th.

Mars - In the SW after sunset, and sets around 6:15pm.  Look for the reddish-hued object only no more than 10˚ above the horizon.  Close to the Moon on the 14^th and 15^th.

JUPITER - Rises in the East after sunset and visible until about 6am. Close to the Moon on the 25^th.  Use binoculars or a telescope to try to see the four Galilean Moons.  If you're looking at Taurus in the morning, Jupiter's the very bright one near the V of Taurus.

Saturn - Look SE in the mornings before sunrise.  Gets higher and higher every day and gets up to 35˚ above the horizon by the end of the month.  Close to the Moon on the 10^th.

CONSTELLATIONS... (see sky map link at the bottom for a Star Map for this month - or ask Mr. Webb)    Look straight up and you'll see...

After Sunset (sunset is around 5:00pm) - Pegasus, Andromeda - Extra Challenge! Using your naked eye (dark-adapted and in a dark area) or binoculars under normal conditions and a star chart, try finding our neighboring Andromeda Galaxy.  It'll be a faint, but bigger, fuzzy in the constellation Andromeda.

Between Sunset and Midnight - Perseus, Andromeda, Cassiopeia

Midnight - Auriga, Taurus, Gemini

Early Morning - Ursa Major's legs, Leo Minor

GENERAL CONSTELLATION FINDING TIPS: Fall Constellations: Andromeda, Pegasus

If you can find the Summer Triangle and Delphinus in the West, about 40˚ to the East (leftish - pretty much straight above you) will be the Great Square of the fall constellation Pegasus.  Perhaps you'll even see the two curves of Andromeda off of one side, with the Andromeda Galaxy as a small, faint fuzzy nearby (you'll need dark skies to see it).  A sky map will help you tremendously in finding these.

Winter constellations: Orion is easy to spot as he is rising in the East around 7:30pm.  You can use Orion to find many other winter constellations.

Using Orion: Find Orion by looking for the three stars in a row that make up Orion's belt in the East around 7:30pm.  If you draw a line from the left (bottom) star to the right (top) star and keep going right about 20 degrees (about 2 fists at arm's length) until you reach another very bright star, you will have reached the star Aldebaron in Taurus (the V).  Follow that line a little more (about another fist) and you'll find the Pleiades.

Draw a line from the right (top) star in Orion's belt to the left (bottom) star, and keep going left about 20 degrees (2 fists again), you'll come to the brightest star in the sky - Sirius - part of Canis Major.

Above these three constellations are Gemini and Auriga.  The brightest stars in each of these constellations form a circle in the sky.  Going clockwise - Aldebaron (Taurus) - Rigel (Orion - bottom right foot) - Sirius (Canis Major) - Procyon (Canis Minor) - Castor & Pollux (Gemini) - Capella (Auriga).  It makes for great stargazing in the winter sky.

Use a sky map from www.skymaps.com to help you out.